Wing raising device for floating dry docks



p 1948; .W.H. JAMEsoN ETAL 2,449,730

WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DOCKS Filed March 18, 1944 11Sheets-sheet 1 Sept. 21,1948. w. H. JAMESON ETAL 2,449,730

WING musme DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY nocxs Filed March 18,1944 11Sheets-Sheet 2 HJaznesm Ele p ?948- w. H. JAMEsoN ET AL 2,449,780

WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DOCKS Filed March 18, 1944 11Sheets-Sheet 5 I Z5 Z4 1.9 Kg 3 3mm $9 Jmneswa 1 wad fi Sept. 21, I948.w. JAMESON ETAL 2,449,780

WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DUCKS Filed March 18, 1944 11'Sheets-She et 4 F II.

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WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DOCKS Filed March 18, 1944 11Sheets-Sheet 5 1 II. II l I flfJanzeson lama! fizalsee Sept. 21, 1948.w. H. JAMESON ET AL 2,449,780

WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DUCKS Filed March 18, 1944 11Sheets-Sheet 6 Jazneson lflelaladfizakea Sept. 21, 1948. w. H. JAMESONET AL '2,449,780 I WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DOCKS FiledMarch 18, 1944 11 Sheets-Sfiee t 7 Jana/".9010

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Sept. 21, 1948. w. H. JAMESON ET AL 2,449,730

WING RAISING DEVICE FLOATING DRY DQCKS Filed March 18, 1944 llSheets-Sheet 8 Klill 1 "n HIIIIIIIEIEUIIHIHIHWWIDIII I I:

0 0 0 '0' 0 -0 5??- G 5% c O 1% X) 12% V *9 w. H; JAMESON ET AL 80 WINGRAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DOCKS 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 Sept. 21, 1948,

Filed March 18, 1944 Elelandfiiufiae w. H. JAMESON ET AL 49,780

wxne nusme DEVICE FOR momma DRY nocxs 11 Sheets-Sheet 10 Sept. 21, 1948.

Filed March 18, 1944 p 1948- w. H. JAMESON ET AL 2,449,780

WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DOCKS Filed March 18, 1944 11sheets-sheet 11 13 137 1Z8 2 'ZJ W r lllzaln/fifJamwsan atented Sept.21, 1948 WING RAISING DEVICE FOR FLOATING DRY DOCKS William Howe JamesonBethlehem, Pa., assign and E. Leland Durkee, ors to Bethlehem SteelCompany, a corporation of Pennsylvania Application March 18, 1944,Serial No. 527,091

This invention relates in general to apparatus for manipulating wallsections of great size and weight, and more particularly to apparatusfor the safe raising and lowering of hinged side wings on the pontoonsof floating dry docks,

Floating dry clocks are large l partially submersiblestructures, usuallyof iron or steel, designed to raise ships out of the water to permitinspection, painting or repair of their underwater portions. As thedocks themselves need occasional repaintingathey are sometimes built ofa number of separate and independent sections, subdivided for greaterstability by water-tight bulkheads, and held together by chains orbolted and/or riveted joints, each section being liftable sideways, inturn, by two or more of the other sections.

Each such section may be said to constitute a large rectangular hollowsteel trough, the vertical sides or wings and the horizontal bottom orpontoon providing the buoyant platform upon which the ship rests. Thewings may be made integral with the pontoon, but this makes adangerously high and top-heavy structure for long'voyages, as

when the dock has tobe towed across the ocean to its final destination.In such cases, to diminish wind and wave stresses, the wings are bestmade folding inboard.

Such wing walls, however, in the larger sizes of docks may weigh as muchas several hundred tons, and its has heretofore been thought thatraising the hinged heavy walls of this type of dock from prone toupright position could practically be done only by carefully controlledsubmergence and pumping systems, necessarily involving elaboratecompartmentation in the hull and special piping, signaling and controlmeans.

One object of this invention, therefore, isto provide a simplemechanical means for raising and lowering the hinged wings'of sectionalfloating dry docks.

Another object is to avoid the expense and difficulties of conventionalsubmergence and pumping schemes.

A further object is a wing raising system, which may be operated bypersonnel without special skills after a minimum of training.

Other objects, advantages and purposes of our invention will appearhereinafter in the specification and in the appended claims, and inorder to describe this invention more clearly we shall now refere to theannexed eleven sheets of drawings forming a part Of the specificationand in which like figures of reference indicate like parts.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the dry clock 23 Claims. (Cl; 11445) 2pontoon with the wing walls erected and showing location of bearingshoes and cribbing;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a similar pontoon provided with arevolving gantry crane and showing the wing walls in lowered position;

Fig. 3 is another side elevation showing how the preliminary raising ofone wingwall while avoiding interference with the revolving gantry craneis accomplished;

Fig. 4 is another side elevatiton similar to Fig. 3 but showing theraising of the second wing wall;

Fig, 5 is a sectional elevation showing one of the pairs of jacks usedin the preliminary raise;

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevationtaken along the line 66 of Fig. 7 andshowing one of said pairs of jacks set on timber cribbing during thepreliminary raise;

Fig. 7 is a front elevation showing said pair of jacks set on saidtimber cribbing;

Fig. 8 is asectional elevation taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 11 showingthe pontoon bracing and one of the center blocking shoes at the start ofthe preliminary raise; I

Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 99 of Fig. 8;

. Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation showing the blocking shoe in place onthe timber crib on completion of the preliminary raise;

Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation taken on the line I I-I l of Fig. 8;

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of one wing wall during the main raise assupported by the jacking column;

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of said wing wall showing the jacking columnin tension and controlled by the tension harness;

Fig. 14' is a side elevation of the tension harness;

Fig. 15 isa transverse section taken on the line l5-l5ofFig 14;

Fig. 16 is a transverse section taken on the line Iii-l6 of Fig. 14; r

Fig. 17 is a transverse section taken on the line l1-l1 of Fig. 14:;

Fig. 18 is a tansverse section taken on the line I8--l8 ofFig. 14;

Fig. 19 is a side elevation of rotating guide frame which wall duringthe main raise;

Fig. 20 is asectional elev line 20-20 ofFig; 19;

Fig. 21 is a sectional elevation taken along the line 2|--2l of Fig. 20;r I

Fig. .22 is a side elevation of the lower portion the wing latch andsupport the wing tion taken along the of one of the jacking columns andlarge compression jack, showing in dotted lines the movement of a stepof the main raise;

Fig. 23 is a side elevation, at the commencement of the tensile stage,of the lower portion of one of the jacking columns with the tensionharness applied thereto, with the-compression-jack killed and the'tension 'j acks showmextended'in full lines, and the movement of thetension jacks and jacking column shown in dotted lines;

Fig. 24 "shows the lower portion of the jacking column with tensionharness-*applid"thereto as indicated in Fig. 23 but disposed at rightangles to said figure with the jackingand guide columns and parts of thetension harness shownin section after the initial movement ofthetensfle-stage;

Fig. 25 is a side elevation of a wing wall provided with a modifiedform"ofwing'latch;showing in full lines the initial raising position andin dotted lines positions of-'=the man raise and tensile stages. I p

Figlzfi'is'aside e'levat'ion'ofthe modification of the wing'latcl'ishown in Flgf25bi1t "drawn to a "larger scale;

Fig. 27 is a; verticallongitudinal section of said modified wing'l'a'tc'h taken on the line' 21-2! ofFig.'28;

-FiglZiB'is a; transverse sect-toner" the modified winglat'ch taken onthe 'line' 28"2B of Fig. 26;

Fig. 29 is a transverse section taken'on the line Fig.30'is'atransVerse' section taken on the'line 59-40 of Fig. 26; and

Fig. 31' is 'a detailsection taken on the" lines Inol'lr inventionjthefibntoon I is provided with a' flat deck 2, 'suitablybrac'ed' at perms"of support and concentrated load during "lifting by welded reinforcingbulkhead plates 3 and angles 4', joined bl/Serrated stiffhers" 5,gusset'mates 6 and. separators T. Saidp'ont'con is also'provide'djwith'coamings" or seats 8' andhing'esof heavy flanged plate sections 9'h'eldbydri'venwe'dges 'm, where- 'on" on pins H are'pivot'edthe sidewingwalls '12 and I3, likewise provided with conventional bulkh'e'adreinforcing plates I 4 andangles 15.

Said wing walls l2 and 13 are provided "at each "edgewithreinforcingT-b'ars l6; I1, 18" and i9, "and are -further braced at the top" edgesby Crime rail sections 29 and 2| "and providedwiththe spacedpermanent'lift'irig ms" 22" and" 23. Be-

hind the dependent flange 2450f 'theT-b'arlQ fis -weldedtheJ-base' plate25;and" at the center thereof istack-welded, for ease of subsequentremoval, a pair of perforated pin-plates 26,

strengthened by 'wel'ded front and rear" plates' 2l -'withstiffener bars32 and" diaphragms 33, the

bottom flanges of said portions of r-beams 3| be- -"ing boltedto the topplanks"34 resting on "the timber cribbing 35, and the bottom planks36-,the

'l'atter resting'on the deck 2.

In longitudinally spaced relation 'at each side ofthe center pairofpin-pmessz are similarly tack-welded pairs of smaller pinplates-31,-each pair" having a pin 38 and keeper-plates 39. Pivotallyattached to pm as by U-b olt- 40- is flat plate M having sideplates 42and-boltedbytap-bolts "43" to pistons or plungers 44-which areactuated.by fluid admitted through inlets 45-to the cylinders' or barrels 46 ofthe hydraulicv jacks 41. .Said jacks 41 restuponthe rocker slab 48,which bearing plate 49. Timber cribbing 59 and planks 60 are placedthereunder.

In further longitudinally spaced relation at each side of the pin plates3'! are the permanent liftinglugs- 22, to each of which is connected by*pin 6 I, wing latch 62, rotating guide frame 63 and v a retractablebeveled-end latch pin 64, the rectan- =15.' .gu1arjackingstrut or column65, welded to brack- --;et-'plates 65 and65 as in Figs. 14, 15, and 22to 24, inclusive, and provided with holes 66, spaced apart*a'litt1e'lessthan maximum jack runout, :into 'which holes said latch pin 64 issuccessively inserted.

-As is shown in detail in Figs. 19 to 21, inclusive,

said. pin 6|. connectsjlug' 22 to a pair-of? perforatedrtriang'iilar pin-plates61 connected by small weldednplatesffifl arid-69 and heldbythe'large pins 10 and", with smaller'bent'pins12 and cotters 13, throughspacer sleeves 14i'and'15, to oblong-side plates l6 and 'H' of said.wingi latch '62. Said'side plates F6 and H are rounded for clearancefatboth'en'ds, and provided centrally with welded upright 'bearing'plate18, 'filler plat'es I l9'and'bra'cket-plates 80,c1'1t away" ats'ides'aiid center as shown, secured by bolts'B] arid nut82 todepe'ndent T-bar flange' 24. Rotating-on circularcol1ars'83 tap-boltedinside the side plates 16" and 'I1- is' the guide frame 63, comprisingtwo substantially square plates '84 "with knocked-off inner corners,held in spaced relationpermit'ting insertion of jacking o0lumn'65 by twoinnerpins '85 welded in place'and two outerfpins '86 held by"cotters'87. Bolted to"out'er"side.plate '76 to holdlatch pin'fi i' is" guidesupport88,i comprising' centrally perforated square plat89 to which iswelded pipe 90,- slot'ted as at' 91 and' bracedby welded gussets'92.Through said slots" 9| and ha1f=pipe93we1ded to the outer end "ofl'at'ch pin "Mfpasses handle '94, held in place'by wash'ers95 andcotters 96. 7

Within said jacking column" fisflslide's" freely the relatively shortguide column 91; havingapertures'oorresponding' to thepin-hbl'es,B6,"'w-hich "latter columnis bolted or welded securely to'thecap 98"on "the" ram. 'or'piston 98'. ofthe "large 'hydraulic'jack 99,provided with valve H39 and "inlet HM, said cap 98* having weldedthereto threaded rods 192 which pass through lugs I03 on"the'ja'ck'barrel' or cylinder'iil l' and have nuts Hi5 and'cotters I96thereon. The base 106' of said jack 99 is erected on slab 101 formingpart of upper bearing shoe H18, pivotally secured by 'pin 109*110 lowerbearing "shoe H9; which for strength is -welded-or"bolted topontoonldeck 2 directly over and opposite the bulkheadrein-'forcingpl'atesin the pontoon and wing walls. Around-'saidja'ckingcolumn 65 is placedtension harness HI, shown in Figs. 13"to" l8, and '22to 24,'inclusive,1which comprises two "channels H2 mounted on said'jackin'gacolumn 65, .reinforcedby stiffener bars H3, boltedto thebracket plates 65" and a pairo-fslabs' l 'l 4,.-upon each of whichslabsH4 is bolted a hydraulic jack i415, witha second p'airnof slabs llfithereabove. Said pairs of slabs .II M and H6,- -suitably perforated, areheld by. movable-pins I l'land I I8 wt ...four corner tension-bars l 19,which pass therethrough and are provided. with series of spaced pimholes'5 I 29 and held by pins I 21 in grooves in slab Ill! at the bottom andby bolts 1.22 in rectangular sliding yoke I23 of welded or boltedangles, 'provided with soft woodrubbing strips I24, at the top. i

All the hydraulic jacks aforesaid maybe actuated by any suitable fluid,pumped by a conventional power pump through anordinary piping system andvalves (not shown). Certain of the pontoons may also carry a revolvinggantry crane I25.

Assuming now that the wing walls are lying down as for ocean travel, theoperation of raisin them to Working position divides naturally into foursuccessive stages, in accordance with shifts in weight distribution,which stages may be described as follows: (1) the preliminary raise; (2)the main raise; (3) the transition stage; and (4) the tensile stage. i I

In the preliminary raise the wing is merely elevated a sufficientdistance to permit the installation of the main lifting devices. Thegeneral arrangement of the jacks and cribbing for this stage is shown inFig. 1, and in more detail in Figs. 5 to 11, inclusive. vices (notshown) used to secure the wing walls on blocks during shipment are firstremoved, center pin-plates 26 and side pin-plates 31 are tack-welded inplace beneath each wing wall flange 24,. the two pairs of jacks 47,resting on rocker slabs 48, bearing plates 49 and shims 59 are placed inposition on deck 2 as in Fig. 5, the shipping bolts (not shown)connecting said rocker slabs 48 and bearing plates 49 are loosenedsufficiently to permit the jacks 41 to rock as needed, and said jacks 47are. then attached to the pinplates 31 by inserting the pin 99.

Said jacks 41 are then connected by flexible copper tubing or the liketo the hydraulic jacking system. Center blocking shoe 39, with theplanks 34 bolted to its bottom flanges as in Fig. 9, is placed inposition under the wing Wall flange 24 on the center line of thepontoondeck 2. Said shoe 30 is lifted with a pair of crow bars or othersuitable means on to temporary blocking and connectedto the pin-plates25 byraising or lowering the wing wall with the jacks 41 until the pin29 can be inserted.

The wing is then raised by jacking up until the full runout of the jackplungers 44 is obtained, and the planks 36 and the first layer oftimbers 35 of the blocking crib are placed beneath the center shoe 3!!as shown in Figs. 8 and 11. The jacks 4'! are released by opening theirdrain valves, and the entire load of the wing is carried on the centralcrib. The jacks t! are then fleeted by placing the toe of a track jackor other quick acting jack (not shown) under each angle lug 5I of therocker slabs 48 and lifting with the drain valves open until the jackplungers 44 are fully retracted into the jack barrels 46. Bearing platest9 and shims 59 are removed and the I-beams 54 and 55, without theangles 52 and with the angles 53 directedupward, are inserted under eachpair of jacks 41.

Said jacks I! are again pumped up to full runout, another layer oftimbers. 35 is inserted in the blocking crib, andithe jacks are fieetedagain by lifting them on the I-beams 5d and '55 with the toes of thepair of track jacks under the angles 59 which are now directed downward.Planks 60 and the first layer of the timbers 59 areplaced under theI-beams 54 and 55, and the angles 52 are'welded to said I-beams.

These tjac-king operations are continued, in-.

All. holding-down de- "sorting another layer of timbers 35' a'nd 59 ateach hit asshown in Figs. 6,- 7 and 10, until the proper height forconvenient erection of the jacking columns 65 is attained. i i

The second stage, the main raising of each wing, is accomplished bythetwo jacking struts or columns 65, which are operated by the hydraulicjacks 99 located between the lower end of said columns and the upperbearing shoe I I18, connected by pin I99 to lower bearing shoe III)weldedtothedeck 2. i

I Each inside guide column 9'! bolted for shipping with temporary keeperplates- (not shown) to the jacking column 65, and withthe lower end ofthe guide column 91 projecting beyond the lower end of the jackingcolumn 65 is assembled to the jack cap 98 on the jack 99 bolted to slabII". The temporary keeper plates are released, the guide column 91 isslid into the jacking column 65 until the latter bears on the jack cap98, the temporary keeper plates: are replaced, and the.telescopedrcolumns are laid out on the deck. i I

The latch pin 64. and pins 96 are pulled back to permit entry of thecolumn 65, and. the column is lifted by the gantry crane I25 or otherlifting device so that it hangs approximately vertical but with the topleaning away from the vertical face of the wing wall. The upper bearingshoe I 98 is entered into the lowerbearing shoe H0 and the .shoe pin I99is driven in. The column 65 is rotated on this. pin I99 toward the wingwall, entered into the rotating guide frame 9 3 on the wing latch 62,and fastened therein by latch pin 64 and pins 85. I i i I The column 65is now self-supporting, its weight being carried by the shoe .pin I99and by the rotating guide frame 63 on thawing latch 62, so the gantrycrane I25 may be released and the temporary keeper plates holding theguide column 91 to the jacking column 65 removed.

Nuts I I35 on the threaded rods 32 at the sides of the jacks 99 are runout to the cotters I06 to permitfull extension of said jacks 99.

i The jacks 99 arepumped up together until the wing load is carriedentirely: on the jacking columns 65, thus freeing the center blockingcrib 35 and the side jacking cribs 59 and the jacks ill, which are thenremoved. I l

The main raise of each wing, which follows, is divided into two parts..In the first part of this operation the wing latches 62 are raisedtogether from the bottom hole a to the hole I) on both jacking columns65 in successive one-hole lifts, with the jacks. 99 hydraulicallycoupled together so as to carry the load equally. At the top of eachlift the load is held entirely atone column and jack while the othercolumnand jack are fleeted by pulling the latch pin 64, lowering thejack ram and column and pinning the wing latch 92 off to the next higherpin hole in the column, then picking up and holding on that jack whilethe other column is similarly slacked and repinned. i i i As the wing israised the load on the jacks diminishes continuously, and for the liftbetween holes b and c, constituting'the second part of the main raise,the load is sufliciently reduced to permit raising to the next hole; andholding on one column, while the secondcolumn is pinned off with itsjack closed and the said second jack is pumped up enough to take theentire load. Latch pin M in the first column is pulledand the firstcolumn is lowered under no load while thesecond column and jack are.purnpedi-iunundertioad andthe process generated. 'I-hisr-resultsspinning gone:- column i i-n; the-odd numbered pineholes ;only,;.-, and,the other s column in the even numbered holes.

'l hei-two wingsglzand |3---on each-,pontoon sectiommayifedesired beraisedsorsloweredsvirtually; simultaneously. 1 However, in the-case ofpontoon sections carrying -a --revolving;-gantry ;crane;.I-25 ondeck;:raising of :the wings. .I2 and .13: maytinterfere withtheoperationof .the;crane in certain positions in which 0866113118 win wl3may be; given? its preliminary raise. .I; ts-two jacking .-,columns: 65.arererected with thencrane .l-2,5,,-iand-; said swing I 3 israisedsufilcienty "fur- 'thB1 3-i0r itsjacking columnstfis-toc,1e ar thepath-:ofathe .craneilzt. *fBhe iwin ..l.2; may-sthen lee-givenv itspreliminary; raise :and so ;.on;

At-,.-;a,;,; certain, .pointzqin; the gradual raising of the Wingittwill: reachiaapoint of equilibrillmrbieyondewhichut will: exert.- a1p,ul1, instead of; a .ipush on the sacking; columns eta-whichmustthere- ;afterzbe restrained-with a; tensile, force. through thelatches 62 instead of propelling withacom- -pressive,jorc e. High vand:gusty windsand. the roll and i: pitch; of the pontoon :with. the .wavesmay -icause a fairly wide. range :of temporary fluctuations.betweenvv Icompression and tension, however, so that-:isomewhat below the point..of theoretical-equilibrium the tension harness HI .actuatedisby: thepairs of hydraulicv jacks. M 5; is attached .toi-eachv jackingcolumntztfi to ease. the elevation throught the transition stage withoutshock or insecurity.

i-IWith the wing-r-walls l2 -andyl3 'shown, the transition stage will bebetween the holes d and e: of 1. the jacking columns 65. Each-w-wing israised a in :this stage by one jacking column only. This column--is-jacked up by-the useo-f both the lower ack QQ-andthe-upper jacks l l5,=-= with a -fixed load-of-about per cent ofthe total weight of i thewing -on--the jack 99 at all times *to guard against sudden overhalance.In order to-maintain= the specified load, ascertainable-by a-pressuregauge (not-shown) on said jack -99, excessive pressure --being bledthrough r'eliefivalves (not-shown) itis necessary to varythe load on thejacks H5 as the loadin the column changes. 'Whenthisfirst column isbeing fieeted, the load is laid on the second column, with 'the jack--99pushing against slabs I l it"through the jacks- H 5 under the fixedload, thus'=maklng-it possiblefor the'cclumn to take ei-ther tensionorcompression. By cradling the columns in this' manner full control overthe motionof the wing is assured at all-times, since there'iscontinuously a compressive load in the jack ell workingagainst-a tensileload in the tension=--harness Hi; regardless of the effect of wind orwave'action.

=-Accordingly, the latch pin" 64 being withdrawn on the secondcolumn-jacking of the first column-on 'its jack -99 is-continued untilthe slabs l lo-bear on-the pins I-I1-in' theirpin-holes I20 on tensionbars H9. Pressure-on the jack SWbeingheld-as above; the jacksl l5 arebled sufficiently to allow-said jack '99-to extend-and free *the slabs-HGfrom the pins H8; which :latterpins are then pulled out and moved tothe pin-holes next above. The jacks H5 are pumped up-untilthe' slabs llt-again-bear against the pins 1-18 and the pins 'H'l-are freed.Said-pins H1 are-withdrawn and placedin. thenext higher pin-holes on thetension bars I l 9.

fitill' on the first-column -its jacks I I5 arebled slowly and jack 994ssimultaneously pumped.- up

until:itheswithdrawn,:iatch pin t4; of the second column tregisters;with the next above pin nhQle .on; that;icolumn -whereupon the said;latch pin B4115 inserted. i'l hetjackst l l 5 of the first-column areslacked off fully, transferring the load from the first column, tothesecond column, andp-the lat-,ch pin; 64- of -thei firstrcolumn is pulledback into its-.guide support; 88.

Z'Jack: 99;;of1 ,the ifiIFSlL column la kedv O sl til-thIleXt-Lhighenpin; hole inthat column-registers with its latch pin 64,which is thenrinsorte andzpins- H1 and I I 8. are. m ved ,to the resptiv ;nextlcwer pi o s in: the te sion bars; l9. Jacks;II5 ofsaidfirst--cp1unmare pumped up --.withont imovin t co mn, unt l th gauge,o;.th -iaokr99 s w prop r; P essur and; said: iackelllieisraised sliht-1y awhil ee ing the lacks l: l5;.to;--1fr-ee1the latcnpin Bi et thesecond column.

;..Th.ese operation-rar rep ate yunt lrsth winsasxbfienqraiSe 11' 0the-poin where:, the atc 'I JiZISi5'4 have beeninsertedin th h lesfiboth oolumns.--:whioh.;. r new in. fina nsion.

1 In the lastaon tensile tage-after, acciden al: eversals to compressionare; no longer possible; the two.lowenjacksitago. out otservice. Theirdrain valves. are. opened. and.v thenuts. 1.05 are -.screwed up on. the,threaded-rods-rl-M welded; to. the; jack caps .98 to preventfurthermovement, of these jacks ,or. the inner. guide columns; 91;.to. which-they are. bolted. The pairs of..:upper jacks, I15 in;the two. tensionharnesses= It :together \lower -the wing to .its ,seat on the=coaminga8. 'E ach-jacking column-165111 this stage; .pulisagainst-the.painof slabs I i trwhich in turn react againstthe plus: I :I l in the.anchored tension. bars I 19. PHQI iI'Ig'OII said slabs N4 the jacks H5areurvunout-until the slab lvlfi is held lay the pins. 8' inthe'pinholes nextaboverinsaid tension bars. After-each suchincrementzztheload is held .on theislabs H6, the. jacks M5 are:fleeted,.and theslabs H Lare pinned oft to "the next higher set ofholes .in the tension loars H9. The telescoping inner guide column: 91.is exposeclt and providesalateral sup- .port as. the. main jackingcolu.-mn;65. pullslaway from the jack capaflfleatits-base. Atitheiend;of this operat-ionthe wing wall isbolted to itsseat .on the coaming 8and the lifting equipment is removedifor othenuse orstorage.

:The procedure vfor lowering the wings is ingeneral the reverse of theraising .procedurejusu described, The jacking. .columns: and tensionharness. l H: are erected in the extended position inwhich theywerelastused-in raising the. wing walls and pinned-off -t0' thewinglatches-fiz at. the hole o. 1 The :insideguide columns. 91'.areiiextended. with 'the jacks :99 killedi by screwing up thenutsltSaon-the threaded rodslllz-iweldedto the'jack-caps 98. i The: upperhearing shoe l08:..is pinned by the pin 99 to. the lower bearing shoe ll fl -welded or bolted tothe deck 2. The foregoing-four stages are thenreversed in sequence, until the wing walls are again lowered to theirprone position.

For docks having sufficient deck room as in cases-:where there are nogantry cranes or other large obstructions; the modifications ofourapparatus shown inzFigs. 25 to-3l-may insome instan'ces bepreferred.

With other' parts substantially as hereinbefore described, the problemof attaining exact alignment of opposing jackingeolumnsis-greatlysimplified by the duplex-lower bearingshoes I25.

The double-*web gi-rdez wing latch lit eomprises -thepairofwebplates' l21, welded. in spaced,

parallel relation on back plate I28, for strength of greater thicknessat bottom than atitop, as shown in Fig. 30, and provided withconventional reinforcing rib-plates, tie-down plates and flanges asshown.

Said wing latch I26 hasan upper pin hole 129 and a lower pin hole I3Il,the spacing therebetween being a suitable multiple, here shownas twentytimes, of the spacing between the individual holes 66 of the jackingcolumn 65. At each side of the pin holes I29 and I30 is a collar-I3Itap-bolted to the web plates I21 and supporting at each said hole aseparate rotating guide frame I32. The upper latch pin I33 and lowerlatch pin I34 are made retractable as .previouslydescribed.

A section of the crane rail 2| having been first removed, the wing latchI26 is fastened firmly to the wing wall by the bolts I35 throughthe de-I 20' bracket plates I36 and bearing plate 131, by the pendent flangeZ lof the lower edge T-bar I 6,

bolts I38 connecting to the lugs I39 welded to said T-bar 16 inalignment with the stem thereof, and by the [bolts I48 through theupstanding flange MI of the upper edge T-barlfl.

In the operation of this latter modification, the

preliminary raise and the main raise as heretoa fore described becomeone operation, and the blocking shoes 3!], jacks 41 and blocking cribs 35 and 59 of the preliminary raise are dispensed with.

Beginning with the upper latch pin I33 of wing latch I26 in the hole fon the jacking strut 65, the wing walls are raised, separately ortogether, by

the bottom jacks 99, pinning as required with. said upper latch pin I33,until the neighborhood of hole g on the jacking strut is reached. Theupper and lower pin holes I29 and I30 in the wing latch I 26 are thenbrought into exact register with their corresponding holes in thejacking column I by carefully manipulating the jacks 99. The lower latchpins I 34 are thendriven and the upper pins I33 withdrawn, and raisingis continued from hole h with the use ,of the lower pins I 34 only. Thetensionharness I II is addedand functions in the transition and tensilestages exactly as before. i l i Although we have hereinabove shown anddescribed our invention in considerable detail, we do not wish to :belimited to the exact and specific' structures and procedures stated, butmay-use such substitutes, modifications or equivalents thereof as arewithin the scope and spirit of the invention and of the appended claims.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and useful anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Apparatus for raising and lowering a Wing wall hinged to a flat deckcomprisinga plurality.

of Wing brackets fixed to said wing wall,.a plurality of deck bracketsfixed to said deck, each of said wing brackets being in spacedpairedrelationship with one of said deck brackets in a yertical planetransverse to the axis of said wingwall hinge, and a plurality ofjacking struts, each of said jacking struts being pivotally mounted toand between said pairs of brackets for the indie vidual application offorces in both tension and compression to said wing wall. 2. Apparatusfor the application of axially opposed forces between a massive objectand a relatively fixed fulcrum comprising, a plurality of hingeconnections fixed to said object, a plurality of hinge connections fixedto said fulcrum, each of said object hinge connectionsbeing in'spaced'idly attached thereto for the application of loads and compressionindividually apin both tension plied. 3 t it i t "3. .A floatingfidrydock section comprising a pontoonportion, opposing wing walls hingedtothe pontoon portion, and step by-step holding and lifting means disposedonthe pontoon portion between said wing walls and operatively connectedwith said wing walls. i i i 4. A floating dry. dock section comprising apontoon,- a flat deck on said pontoon, side wing walls hingedto'thelfiat-deck, a plurality of lower bearing shoes secured to thedeck, an upper bearing shoerocki'ng in each lower bearing shoe, a

pin securing together pivotallysaid upper and lower. bearing shoes, ahydraulicjack mounted on eachupperbearing shoe, an extension columnhaving a: plurality of spaced holes mounted on each jack, and means forconnecting each extension column toawing Wall. l i

a 5. Apparatus for the preliminary raising of a wing wall hinged to afiat deck, comprising a blocking shoe dependently pivoted at the longitudinal centerof th wing wall, jacking means dependently pivoted to thewing wall at each side of the-blocking shoe, and timbercribbingonthe'deckfor supportingtheblocking shoe and jacking means as the wing wall isjacked up.

6.. Apparatusv for the preliminary raising of a wing wall hinged 'to afiat deck, comprisinga pair of large pin-plates attached at thelongitudinal center. of the wing wall, a blocking shoe pivoted to thepair of large pin-plates, pairs of smaller pin-platesattached to thewing wall in longitudinal spaced relation to the pair of large pinpl'ates, hydraulic jacking means pivotally attachedl to each pair ofsmaller pin-plates, and timber cribbing inserted between and :the deckas said and fleeted. i

-7; Apparatus for the preliminary raising of a wing wall hinged'to aflat deck, comprising a dependent flange the length of the wing wall ajacking means are raised :base plate on the wingwall behind said flange,a pair of large pin-plates with central perforacenter of the. baseplatens tions welded to the inforcing plates welded to the front andrearof the pin-plates, a-centrally perforatedblocking shoe comprisingthe lower portions of a pair off I-beams from which the upper flangeshave been cut away, apin throughthe central perforations of the largepin-plates and the blocking shoe for pivotallyattaching same, pairsofsinaller pinplates with centralperforations welded at each side inspaced relation to thecentral pin-plates on the base plate, a pair ofjacks equippedwith plungers beneath each pair of smaller pin-plates,

a fiat plate connecting the plungers of said jacks, j a pin'through thecentral perforations in each pair of the smaller pin-plates, a U-boltpivotally securing the pin to theflatplate, a rocker slab beneath eachpair of jacks, and timber cribbing inserted beneath the blocking shoeand the rocker slabs as the'wing is raised by the jacks abovethe 1 deck.i

the blocking shoe and the deck and between the jacking means 8.Apparatus for raising wing wall's liilnged to a pontoon deck;comprisinga plurality -ot also hinged to the; pontoon: deck, a} jacking'cobumn havinga I plurality of spaced liclsrzmounted onfieach jack,.and'a retractable pin: attached to each: win-g wall and adapted it'oibel ins'erted' into. saidspaced'holes.

9; Apparatus for raising-a wing wall hlnged to' a flat deck, comprisinga plurality' of lifting lugs on the wing -'wall, a jackshinged to thedeck opposite each: lifting lug; aijac'king colunmrhaving a plurality ofspaced holes mounted on each jack, ai wing latch securedto each lifting:lug, a rotatablegtfi'de frameioneacli wing latcniand a ra tractablerl'atcnpinsfor securing the jacking columntothez'winglatch and guideframe.

10; Apparatus for" raising a wing: wallf'hing'ed to a fiat deck andhaving ardependentfiange, comprising a plurality of spaced lifting lugsweldedi to the wing'wall, a jackhinged to'the deck-opposite. eachlifting lug; a. jacking: column: provided with a plurality of spacedholes'.mountedionieach jack," a wingilatchisecured' to each; liftinglug! and the: "dependent flange a guide frame int'o which" the jacking:column isfliinserted having opposed holes andiadapted; for rotationtortthe: wingflat'cl i, a latch: rpin'? adapted. to "be inserted: throughthe hOlESill'l the guide frame and'ini the jacking col: umn to securethem together; ahanclleibrretracting thez-latchapinc andiaslotted'pipe'guide for supporting said latch pin irr' retracte'dposition-..

11-; Apparatus fort-praising a wings Wallliinged to a fiat deck andhavingkaldeperrden't" flange, comprising:a-plurality'of spaced liftinglugs welded to: the wing: wall, a jack-l hinged to" the deck oppositeeach lifting lugajacking rcolumn' having a plurality of: spaced-holesmounted: on each jack, arwing latch secured tozeach. lifting: mg andthe" dependent flange, a pair of circular collars'tap bolted within thewing latch, av guide frame'comprising'a: pairtof substantiallysquarefplates" with knocked-off I inner: corners: adapted I fon rotationon the circular collars. pins holding said plates apart in spacedrelation forinse'rtiomof thei'a'ck: 1 ing 'colllmn, anda retractable pinadapted t'oise cure the guide frame to the cjacking columni 12;Apparatusfor:- raising ia' wing-wall ihingedi towa flat deck: and.having a; dependent aflange the 1 length of the wing wall, comprising a.plurality of long-itudinallyspaced: lifting lu'gs welded to thewing-wa-ll-,:a pair 'of "perforated:triangular? pinplatesabout each-1lifting; lug, a pin' pivotally con meeting each lug and'pairof'pin-platespsmall welded plates-reinforcing the. pin-plates, a pair of1 larger pins through the pin plates, spacer sleeves oneeach larger pin,oblong side plates kept'ih spaced; relation to. thespin-plates by thespacer sleeves; small: bent pins transversely? through the larger: pins:and-equipped with? co'tt'ersito retain the side pl ates, at centralupright bearing plate welded transversely-" between" the sidei plates"to support the dependent 'wingiwalliflangeybrackebplates welded-r0the'bearing: plateradaptedrtofb'e bolted: to sai'dvdependent flange; aguide frame pivotally; mounted betweeni thesside; plates=,-: aja'ck'hinged-to. the deck opposite eaclrl'lifting "l'u'g-, a columnprovidedwitha plurality ofrspacediholes mounted? on-each: jack; ands a:retractable pin adapted-to secure the-columnrto the guideframe; 13:Apparatus for. raising wingwalls hinged toapOntoondeck, comprising aplurality of jacks also hinged: to the pontoon. deck; a guide columnhaving-aplurality of spaced holes mounted on: each jack, an outerjacking column with corre ca lly arranged mthe-lower end' of saidjackingcomma, and a jack s'e'c'u-red' -to the guide column and pivotedto the 'd eck fo'r supporting and lifttcgetlier the guide and jackingcolumns.

'15. Apparatus for raising awing wall pivoted to a flat deck, comprisinga plurality of jacksseparatelypivot'ed to said deck, a jacking columnwas: d1 f or st ep by-'step raising of the wing wall on"eaclijacl-':-,and tension meansabout the jacking column adaptedf'or absorbing suddenstresses on the jacking column.

16 flpparatus forraising-a win'g'wall hinged to a fl deck;comprisingaplurality of base membersaisc' liing'ed to'the flat deck, anupright compressionjack oh each base member, an extension column mountedon each compression jack a'n'd adjustablyconnected to the wing wall ferra'is'ihg" said wing wall, a removable outer rrameattached to the hingedbase member, and tension jacls mounted on said outer frame formaintaining a specified load on each compressionfljack:

" #A paratus-rorraising awi ng wall'hinged to comprising'a plurality oflifting lugs Walk a' ja'ckhinged to the deck 'oplifting lug; a-jackingcolumn having y-effspacedholes mounted on each jack, at'ensi onharness'mount'ed on the jacking colermaihtaining apredeterminedtensileload 'ac'k} awinglatch secured to each lifting lug andaretractablelatch' pin for securing the jacking columrf to the winglatch.

inged toafflatdeck', comprising a plurality ing lug's on'thewing wall, aguide column hinged tc-the deck and pivoted to each lifting lug, anouter column slidably mounted on the guide column', outer tension barswith spaced hol s -s'e'cui ed-t o theguide'column, slabs slidablymm'ni-ted on theterision bar'sand held thereto by niovablepinsiandtens'ion'jacks mounted on the sl-abs for"controlling-and completingthe raise of drawing wall, g

19. Apparatusfbr Iai'sing a Wing wall hinged to a flafideck-,-'cbiriprising aplurality of base slabs cks; and adjustable means forsecuring the-Jackingslabs and the bearing slabs to v the tension bars;

rzusapparatusror raising a wing wall hinged to a flat deck, comprising a-plurality of base slabs also hln'ged to said declgupright tension barssecureli to each fbase sltib',"a compression jack havingia plunger'surmounted by a cap mounted uprightxomsaid base slammeans for holdingthe cap and:plunger"ofsai'djack' in a fixed position when desirediarguide cblumii' mounted upright on said" spaced holes slidablyenclosinge'ach and-a; retractablepin attached to wall- 'and adapte'd forinsertion into bearing slabs liftably mounted jack cap, a jackingbracket normally resting on said jack, a, jacking column telescopingover the guide column and having its bottom secured to the jackingbracket and its upper portion adapted to be adjustably pivoted to thewing wall, a yoke connecting the upper ends of the tension bars andadapted to permit the jacking column to slide thereon, transverse outerchannels secured above the jacking bracket to the jacking column, ajacking slab mounted on the channels, tension jacks mounted on thejacking slab, hearing slabs liftably mounted on the tension jacks, andadjustable means for securing the jacking slabs and the bearing slabs tothe tension bars.

21. Apparatus for raising a wing wall hinged to a flat deck, comprisinga plurality of lifting jacks, a jacking column provided with a pluralityof spaced holes mounted on each jack, a double web girder wing latchadapted to receive each jacking column attached to said wing wall, and apair of retractable latch pins mounted on said wing latch and adaptedfor successively engaging the spaced holes in said jacking column.

22. A dry dock having a, pontoon hull, a wall section thereon havinghinged connection with said hull, a column supported on the huh andmovably connected to said wall section, and power means coupled to actupon said column to move said wall section about said hinged connectionto upright or horizontal position.

14 23. A floating dry dock" comprising a pontoon hull, a wing wallhinged to the deck of said hull and adapted to pivot about its hingefrom a prone position on said deck to an upright position, the center ofgravity of said wall passing through a vertical plane through the axisof said hinge during said pivotal movement, and means for raising andlowering said wing wall comprising a jacking apparatus connected betweensaid hull and wing wall and adapted to withstand both compressive andtensile stresses, said jacking apparatus being subject to a reversal ofstress as said center of gravity passes through said plane.

WILLIAM HOWE JAMESON. E. LELAND DURKEE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Newsweek Magazine of April 12',1943, page 38.

